Features of mental development of children up to one year Part One Features of mental development of children up to one year

Birth is a huge stress for both mother and child. It must adapt to the new environment. Largely continues newborn intrauterine development in external form and his contact with his obkrazhenie- physical and social, is not yet complete. The baby was born with congenital reflexes like blinking, sneezing, swallowing, breathing, sucking. It gradually began to fix the light reacts differently to different colors and different tastes, hear and react to certain smells. Signs of sensations of touch, heat and cold, but due to lack of experience can not fix all these sensations. It attracts objects with bright colors. A toy interest, but does not stay for long. First place prehensile dvizheniya- began to hold a toy with both hands paw her thus starts to know the objects of the environment. Initially, the child does not distinguish between what is itself, and what is beyond. In the first months the baby is not different people, but gradually began to show increasing attention to the outside world. Perceived his mother as part of themselves and it is the basis of his impressions and experiences. The mother is the person who most actively involved in raising the child. It satisfies all its needs and desires, which brings the child pleasure, comfort. But it is not always the only factor to satisfy the security is sometimes involved in hard causing concern situations, and in this perspective is becoming the child in an external object. You could say that it is the first 'I' 'child first' other '' first person that it will gradually begin to perceive as different from him.
           For example, the first child smiles at familiar people, especially his mother, and in the appearance of strangers, becomes restless and starts to cry. This is a sign that individuals are known to be different from others. Perceptions gradually become more sustainable. Child recognize objects, people. It actively seeks, embraces head and looks at the speech, music.
           The first emotional reactions of the child can be said that busy "all mental stage '' as develop and remain a place of any other element, hence the total and their absolute nature. Emotional speech baby is much poorer than ours and often and less understandable, but sigarnost not less eloquent.
           It begins with negative emotions, indicating that the child's life is not very pleasant. These emotions are expressed by muscle tension, sad facial expression, crying.
           From this initial despair that will trigger grief purely psychological sadness about the fifth month, features two large emotional totalities: fear and anxiety, on the one hand and aggression on the other. Jealousy appears at the end of the first year.

           The child no hereditary and congenital fears. They acquire a conditioned reflex / as fear of dogs sudden onset / in imitation / example of fear of insects in a child whose mother takes such fear / by induction / 'will hurt' '/. Therefore, even if the baby will have panic attacks, it will be Stahovs till, but the latter will umonozhat with his experiences and increase freedom of action.