Empathy and validation in communicating with people with disabilities-Part Four

Term that deserves to be discussed is that compensation, which means balancing shortage. This often unconscious psychological process consists in the replacement of real or perceived lack or shortage by secondary behaviors that sometimes well-oriented reality. A typical example is the famous theorist in the field of psychology Karen Horney, who claimed for themselves that since it is not beauty, will become pundits. It is the man who developed the theory of compensation and leave a lasting impression in the science of psychology.
Compensation may be exercised and plan vaorazhaemoto: occur so neurotic and subjects with delusions that mentally experiencing unprecedented feats or are considered extraordinary personalities to hide their failure in social life.
Compensation in respect of persons with disabilities is through the correction / repair, improvement, smoothing /.
Are also used terms correctional - educational impact or correctional developing work.
  Correction underlies social rehabilitation. The generality of this principle is evident from the fact that the adjustment of the primary defect caused by variations in secondary mental / personality / development of a certain category of persons is both a basic pattern, nature, content, purpose and set of tasks of rehabilitation.
Purpose and objectives of the correction work include overcoming sotsialnopsihichnite abnormalities in people with disabilities, best results are achieved in children. In subjects over 45 years is typical regidnostta / rigid in their views, attitudes, perceptions, etc. / and the work is difficult, even if the results may become impossible.
Some of the tasks of the adjustment:
1. Profelatika development contained in the creation of conditions preventing its further more deviations and distortions in development.
2. Correction of improper external experts present, knowledge, habits, habits / two concepts are not edentichni / skills, values, personality traits and more. Overcome is available variations inherent in the type uvredenost.
3. Correction of higher mental processes and functions of the emotional-volitional characteristics and social traits of people with disabilities.
4. Development and proper formation of the personality by establishing adequate moral, behavioral, occupational and other habits and skills, as well as education of citizenship and appropriate lifestyle.
Means of correction work with people with disabilities should be consistent with the type of damage.
It is known that the correction of the damaged functions leads to positive physiological changes and consequent beneficial effect on the primary defect and processes span multiple neurophysiological, neuropsychatric and psychological mechanisms. Through these systematic correction effects create conditions for the organization and development of higher mental functions, which reflects positively on the basic physiological and psychological functions of the CNS. Intense activity of the nervous system determines / suggests / creation of many important contingent connections, relationships and modes, and this is a condition for the activation and the cycle of damaged areas in its purposeful activity. Conditions arise diminizirane of nerve processes in damaged or underdeveloped units of the nervous system, which constantly excite and develop neural cells and carry out their functional specialization. So external corrective action acquires biological sense and is fixed to the phenomena of biological adjustment.
In case of damage in the central nervous system activity or analysts sometimes seen psevdokopensatsiya. It is a pathologically driven responses that are fixed, stabilized and expressed themselves in case of adaptive difficulties. These are primarily neurotic, characterological and behavioral reactions, inadequate in a case, but occurring spontaneously occurring without proper control. It is possible the development of decompensation or return to functioning observed prior to compensation.
Compensatory processes depend on a number of conditions and these are quantitative-qualitative characteristics of damaged Structure and functions, the degree of deformation, the reserve capacity of the system, the individual characteristics of the higher nervous activity, the age in which they are incurred dysfunction, the level of psychophysical development, attitude to disability and education, socialist. position of socialist activity. relations form the core business and others.
Is an original approach in determining the substantive aspects of rehabilitation in cases where abnormalities in the development of the individual are the result of mental illness. They are carriers of a number of features, the most important of which are expressed in the overall personality change and in violation of its links and relations in society. Naturally, the rehabilitation of the mentally ill contains is realized by medical and social events, but its main goal is socialist. Embed individual commensurate with, conditioned by his state of health. Depending on the nature of the disease process and the significance of its impact on the individual, socialist. Rehabilitation is carried out as a necessity in some of its following aspects - resocialization, labor-professional rehabilitation, socialist. Integration.
Despite the diversity of disease processes and their somatic manifestations, despite the complex pathological picture of the different types of inappropriate development here clearly outlines a common feature - socialist. Inadequacy, ineptitude or alienation of the mentally ill and some people with disabilities as a result of its failure can not make a corresponding sots.iziskvaniya reflective capabilities and social position. Sometimes deviations in development are also expressed relief that the lives of the mentally ill in the natural conditions of the society is significantly difficult or impossible. Therefore, these cases require underlined social focus on rehabilitation effect
Author: Nelly Pentcheva